Diet: considered as cornerstone!
• Carbohydrates (50-60), mostly complex): Protein (20%): Fats (30%, which 90% should be unsaturated fats)
• High Soluble Fiber (it adds bulk and does not contribute to blood sugar)
• Limit refined sugars, and High fructose sources
-Exercise : Lowers blood sugar (increase carbohydrate metabolism); facilitates weight reduction; decreases BP & stress.
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS :
• Stimulates the pancreatic beta cells to release insulin, hence lowers blood sugar of NIDDM
• Sulfonylureas : tolbutomide (orinase), chlorpropamide(diabenase), tolazamide(tolinase), acetohexamide(dymelor), glyburide(DiaBeta, Micronase), glipizide(Glucocotrol)
• Contraindicated in Pregnancy, breastfeeding women, surgery clients and IDDM
• Sulfonylureas : Best taken before Meals, in the morning 9 refer to manufacturer's advice, as this varies from case to case or drug interactions.
•Metformin (glucophage) increase body's sensitivity to insulin, as acarbose (precose) inhibits cells of small intestine from absorbing complex carbohydrates.
INSULIN :
• Insulin injected to the abdomen is absorbed fastest with shortest duration
• Sources of Insulin are beef, Pork and Human., stored at cold (not freezing) temperature.
• Only Regular insulin appear clear, and can be given per I.V! Other insulin given subcutaneuos (for sustained effect)
* Short Acting Insulin
Regular : with onset ½ to 1, peak of 2-4 Hours duration 6-8 hours
Semilente : onset ½ to 1, peak 2-8 hours, duration 8-16 hours.
* Intermediate Acting Insulin
Isophane (NPH): onset 1-2, peak 6-12 , duration of 18-26 hours.
Lente: Insulin onset 1-3, peak 6-12, duration 18-26 hours
* Long Acting Insulin
Protamine Zinc: Onset 4-6, Peak 18-24, duration 28-36
Ultralente: onset 4-6, Peak 14-24, duration 36 Hours.
Complication of Insulin Therapy:
*Hypoglycemia (manifested by cold and clammy perspiration, tachycardia, and managed by glucose drink like orange juice, or among unconscious IV D 50/50)
*Lipodystrophy (Prevent by rotating site and avoiding cold injection)
*Somogyi effect (rebound Hyperglycemia)
*Dawn phenomenon (Increase of Blood sugar at 5:00 to 6:00 am)
Health supplement provides essential nutrients that may be lacking due to the strain diabetes can often put on the body's health. Each serving provides a complete, full potency formulation of vitamins, minerals and Alpha Lipoic Acid. If you are not always eating a balanced diet, Optimum Diabetics Health Supplement provides the nutrients that you may be missing.
